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<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
/**
* Encrypt.php
*
* @since 2008-01-02
* @category Library
* @package PdfEncrypt
* @author Nicola Asuni <info@tecnick.com>
* @copyright 2011-2026 Nicola Asuni - Tecnick.com LTD
* @license https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html GNU-LGPL v3 (see LICENSE)
* @link https://github.com/tecnickcom/tc-lib-pdf-encrypt
*
* This file is part of tc-lib-pdf-encrypt software library.
*/
namespace Com\Tecnick\Pdf\Encrypt;
use Com\Tecnick\Pdf\Encrypt\Exception as EncException;
/**
* Com\Tecnick\Pdf\Encrypt\Encrypt
*
* PHP class for encrypting data for PDF documents
*
* @since 2008-01-02
* @category Library
* @package PdfEncrypt
* @author Nicola Asuni <info@tecnick.com>
* @copyright 2011-2026 Nicola Asuni - Tecnick.com LTD
* @license https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html GNU-LGPL v3 (see LICENSE)
* @link https://github.com/tecnickcom/tc-lib-pdf-encrypt
*
* @phpstan-import-type TEncryptData from Output
*/
class Encrypt extends \Com\Tecnick\Pdf\Encrypt\Compute
{
/**
* Set PDF document protection (permission settings)
*
* NOTES: The protection against modification is for people who have the full Acrobat product.
* If you don't set any password, the document will open as usual.
* If you set a user password, the PDF viewer will ask for it before displaying the document.
* The master password, if different from the user one, can be used to get full access.
* Protecting a document requires to encrypt it, which requires long processing time and may cause timeouts.
*
* @param bool $enabled False if the encryption is disabled (i.e. the document is in PDF/A mode)
* @param string $file_id File ID
* @param int $mode Encryption strength: 0 = RC4-40 (deprecated); 1 = RC4-128 (deprecated);
* 2 = AES-128; 3 = AES-256 R5; 4 = AES-256 R6 (PDF 2.0 / ISO 32000-2)
* @param array<string> $permissions The set of permissions (specify the ones you want to block):
* 'owner' // When set permits change of encryption and enables all other permissions.
* // (inverted logic: cleared by default).
* 'print' // Print the document.
* 'modify' // Modify the contents of the document by operations other than those controlled
* // by 'fill-forms', 'extract' and 'assemble'.
* 'copy' // Copy or otherwise extract text and graphics from the document.
* 'annot-forms' // Add or modify text annotations, fill in interactive form fields, and,
* // if 'modify' is also set, create or modify interactive form fields
* // (including signature fields).
* 'fill-forms' // Fill in existing interactive form fields (including signature fields),
* // even if 'annot-forms' is not specified.
* 'extract' // Extract text and graphics (in support of accessibility to users with
* // disabilities or for other purposes).
* 'assemble' // Assemble the document (insert, rotate, or delete pages and create bookmarks
* // or thumbnail images), even if 'modify' is not set.
* 'print-high' // Print the document to a representation from which a faithful digital copy of the
* // PDF content could be generated. When this is not set, printing is limited to a
* // low-level representation of the appearance, possibly of degraded quality.
*
* @param string $user_pass User password. Empty by default.
* @param string $owner_pass Owner password. If not specified, a random value is used.
* @param ?array{array{'c':string, 'p':array<string>}} $pubkeys
* Array of recipients containing public-key certificates ('c') and permissions ('p').
* For example:
* array(array('c' => 'file://../examples/data/cert/test.crt', 'p' => array('print')))
* To create self-signed certificate:
* openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365000 -newkey rsa:1024 -keyout cert.pem -out cert.pem
* To export crt to p12: openssl pkcs12 -export -in cert.pem -out cert.p12
* To convert pfx certificate to pem: openssl pkcs12 -in cert.pfx -out cert.pem -nodes
* @param bool $encryptMetadata When false, document metadata streams are not encrypted
* (adds /EncryptMetadata false to the encryption dictionary).
* Default is true (all streams, including metadata, are encrypted).
* @param bool $encryptEmbeddedFiles When true (default), embedded file streams are encrypted
* using the same filter as other streams (/EFF entry is added
* for V >= 4). Set to false to leave embedded files unencrypted.
*
* @throws \Com\Tecnick\Pdf\Encrypt\Exception
*/
public function __construct(
bool $enabled = false,
string $file_id = '',
int $mode = 0,
array $permissions = [
'print',
'modify',
'copy',
'annot-forms',
'fill-forms',
'extract',
'assemble',
'print-high',
],
string $user_pass = '',
string $owner_pass = '',
?array $pubkeys = null,
bool $encryptMetadata = true,
bool $encryptEmbeddedFiles = true,
) {
if (!$enabled) {
return;
}
$this->encryptdata['protection'] = $this->getUserPermissionCode($permissions, $mode);
$this->setupEncryptionFilter($pubkeys, $mode);
if ($owner_pass === '') {
$owner_pass = \md5($this->encrypt('seed'));
}
$this->encryptdata['user_password'] = $user_pass;
$this->encryptdata['owner_password'] = $owner_pass;
$this->validateAndApplyMode($mode);
$this->encryptdata['EncryptMetadata'] = $encryptMetadata;
// Set EFF (embedded file filter) for V >= 4 when embedded file encryption is requested
if ($encryptEmbeddedFiles && $this->encryptdata['V'] >= 4) {
$this->encryptdata['EFF'] = $this->encryptdata['StmF'];
}
$this->encryptdata['encrypted'] = true;
$this->encryptdata['fileid'] = $this->convertHexStringToString($file_id);
$this->generateEncryptionKey();
}
/**
* Configure Filter, StmF, StrF entries and handle mode promotion for public-key mode.
*
* When $pubkeys are provided and $mode is 0 (RC4-40), mode is silently promoted to 1 (RC4-128)
* with a deprecation notice, because public-key security requires at least 128-bit keys.
*
* @param ?array{array{'c':string, 'p':array<string>}} $pubkeys Recipient public-key certificates.
* @param int $mode Encryption mode (modified by reference).
*/
protected function setupEncryptionFilter(?array $pubkeys, int &$mode): void
{
if ($pubkeys !== null && $pubkeys !== []) {
$this->encryptdata['pubkeys'] = $pubkeys;
if ($mode === 0) {
// public-key Security requires at least 128 bit; upgrade silently but notify the caller
\trigger_error(
'Public-key encryption requires at least RC4-128; mode upgraded from 0 to 1',
E_USER_DEPRECATED,
);
$mode = 1;
}
// Set Public-Key filter (available are: Entrust.PPKEF, Adobe.PPKLite, Adobe.PubSec)
$this->encryptdata['pubkey'] = true;
$this->encryptdata['Filter'] = 'Adobe.PubSec';
$this->encryptdata['StmF'] = 'DefaultCryptFilter';
$this->encryptdata['StrF'] = 'DefaultCryptFilter';
return;
}
// standard mode (password mode)
$this->encryptdata['pubkey'] = false;
$this->encryptdata['Filter'] = 'Standard';
$this->encryptdata['StmF'] = 'StdCF';
$this->encryptdata['StrF'] = 'StdCF';
}
/**
* Emit deprecation notices for broken modes and throw for invalid ones,
* then merge ENCRYPT_SETTINGS for the resolved mode.
*
* @param int $mode Resolved encryption mode (04).
*
* @throws EncException When mode is outside the 04 range.
*/
protected function validateAndApplyMode(int $mode): void
{
if ($mode === 0 || $mode === 1) {
\trigger_error(
'RC4 encryption (modes 0 and 1) is deprecated and cryptographically broken; use AES (mode 2, 3, or 4)',
E_USER_DEPRECATED,
);
}
if ($mode < 0 || $mode > 4) {
throw new EncException('unknown encryption mode: ' . $mode);
}
$this->encryptdata['mode'] = $mode;
$settings = self::ENCRYPT_SETTINGS[$mode] ?? throw new EncException('unknown encryption mode: ' . $mode);
$this->encryptdata['V'] = $settings['V'];
$this->encryptdata['Length'] = $settings['Length'];
$this->encryptdata['CF'] = [
'CFM' => $settings['CF']['CFM'],
'Length' => (int) ($settings['CF']['Length'] ?? 0),
'AuthEvent' => $settings['CF']['AuthEvent'],
'EncryptMetadata' => $this->encryptdata['EncryptMetadata'],
];
// SubFilter values from ENCRYPT_SETTINGS are for public-key handlers.
// Standard password encryption must omit SubFilter.
$this->encryptdata['SubFilter'] = $this->encryptdata['pubkey'] ? $settings['SubFilter'] : '';
$this->encryptdata['Recipients'] = $settings['Recipients'];
// Keep SubFilter and Recipients keys set from ENCRYPT_SETTINGS to preserve
// stable array shape and avoid undefined-key access in output generation.
}
/**
* Get the encryption data array.
*
* @return TEncryptData
*/
public function getEncryptionData(): array
{
return $this->encryptdata;
}
/**
* Convert hexadecimal string to string.
*
* @param string $bstr Byte-string to convert.
*/
public function convertHexStringToString(string $bstr): string
{
$str = ''; // string to be returned
$bslength = \strlen($bstr);
if (($bslength % 2) !== 0) {
// padding
$bstr .= '0';
++$bslength;
}
for ($idx = 0; $idx < $bslength; $idx += 2) {
$str .= \chr((int) \hexdec($bstr[$idx] . $bstr[$idx + 1]) & 0xFF);
}
return $str;
}
/**
* Convert string to hexadecimal string (byte string).
*
* @param string $str String to convert.
*/
public function convertStringToHexString(string $str): string
{
$chars = \preg_split('//', $str, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
if ($chars === false) {
return '';
}
$bstr = '';
foreach ($chars as $char) {
$bstr .= \sprintf('%02s', \dechex(\ord($char)));
}
return $bstr;
}
/**
* Encode a name object.
*
* @param string $name Name object to encode.
*/
public function encodeNameObject(string $name): string
{
$escname = '';
$length = \strlen($name);
for ($idx = 0; $idx < $length; ++$idx) {
$chr = $name[$idx];
if (\preg_match('/[0-9a-zA-Z#_=-]/', $chr) === 1) {
$escname .= $chr;
continue;
}
$escname .= \sprintf('#%02X', \ord($chr));
}
return $escname;
}
/**
* Encrypt a string.
*
* @param string $str String to encrypt.
* @param int $objnum Object ID.
*
* @throws \Com\Tecnick\Pdf\Encrypt\Exception
*/
public function encryptString(string $str, int $objnum = 0): string
{
return $this->encrypt($this->encryptdata['mode'], $str, '', $objnum);
}
/**
* Format a data string for meta information.
*
* @param string $str Data string to escape.
* @param int $objnum Object ID.
*
* @throws \Com\Tecnick\Pdf\Encrypt\Exception
*/
public function escapeDataString(string $str, int $objnum = 0): string
{
return '(' . $this->escapeString($this->encryptString($str, $objnum)) . ')';
}
/**
* Returns a formatted date-time.
*
* @param int $time UTC time measured in the number of seconds since the Unix Epoch (January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT).
* @param int $objnum Object ID.
*
* @return string escaped date string.
*
* @throws \Com\Tecnick\Pdf\Encrypt\Exception
*/
public function getFormattedDate(?int $time = null, int $objnum = 0): string
{
if ($time === null) {
$time = \time(); // get current UTC time
}
return $this->escapeDataString('D:' . \substr_replace(\date('YmdHisO', $time), "'", -2, 0) . "'", $objnum);
}
}